From 1770 to 1815 this trade was depressed or stagnant for 5 years
 only. During this period of 45 years the English manufacturers had a monopoly
 of machinery and of the markets of the world. From 1815 to 1821 depression;
 1822 and 1823 prosperity; 1824 abolition of the laws against Trades’ Unions,
 great extension of factories everywhere; 1825 crisis; 1826 great misery
 and riots among the factory operatives; 1827 slight improvement; 1828 great
 increase in power-looms, and in exports; 1829 exports, especially to India,
 surpass all former years; 1830 glutted markets, great distress; 1831 to
 1833 continued depression, the monopoly of the trade with India and China
 withdrawn from the East India Company; 1834 great increase of factories
 and machinery, shortness of hands. The new poor law furthers the migration
 of agricultural labourers into the factory districts. The country districts
 swept of children. White slave trade; 1835 great prosperity, contemporaneous
 starvation of the hand-loom weavers; 1836 great prosperity; 1837 and 1838
 depression and crisis; 1839 revival; 1840 great depression, riots, calling
 out of the military; 1841 and 1842 frightful suffering among the factory
 operatives; 1842 the manufacturers lock the hands out of the factories
 in order to enforce the repeal of the Corn Laws. The operatives stream
 in thousands into the towns of Lancashire and Yorkshire, are driven back
 by the military, and their leaders brought to trial at Lancaster; 1843
 great misery; 1844 revival; 1845 great prosperity; 1846 continued improvement
 at first, then reaction. Repeal of the Corn Laws; 1847 crisis, general
 reduction of wages by 10 and more per cent. in honour of the “big loaf";
 1848 continued depression; Manchester under military protection; 1849
 revival; 1850 prosperity; 1851 falling prices, low wages, frequent strikes;
 1852 improvement begins, strikes continue, the manufacturers threaten to
 import foreign hands; 1853 increasing exports. Strike for 8 months, and
 great misery at Preston; 1854 prosperity, glutted markets; 1855 news of
 failures stream in from the United States, Canada, and the Eastern markets;
 1856 great prosperity; 1857 crisis; 1858 improvement; 1859 great prosperity,
 increase in factories; 1860 Zenith of the English cotton trade, the Indian,
 Australian, and other markets so glutted with goods that even in 1863 they
 had not absorbed the whole lot; the French Treaty of Commerce, enormous
 growth of factories and machinery; 1861 prosperity continues for a time,
 reaction, the American Civil War, cotton famine: 1862 to 1863 complete
 collapse.