On a closer examination of the working machine proper, we find
 in it, as a general rule, though often, no doubt, under very altered forms,
 the apparatus and tools used by the handicraftsman or manufacturing workman;
 with this difference, that instead of being human implements, they are
 the implements of a mechanism, or mechanical implements. Either the entire
 machine is only a more or less altered mechanical edition of the old handicraft
 tool, as, for instance, the power-loom,[5] or the working parts fitted in the frame of the machine are old acquaintances, as spindles
 are in a mule, needles in a stocking-loom, saws in a sawing-machine, and
 knives in a chopping machine. The distinction between these tools and the
 body proper of the machine, exists from their very birth; for they continue
 for the most part to be produced by handicraft, or by manufacture, and
 are afterwards fitted into the body of the machine, which is the product
 of machinery. [6] The machine proper is therefore a mechanism that, after being set in motion, performs with its tools the same operations
 that were formerly done by the workman with similar tools. Whether the
 motive power is derived from man, or from some other machine, makes no
 difference in this respect. From the moment that the tool proper is taken
 from man, and fitted into a mecha354nism, a machine takes the place
 of a mere implement. The difference strikes one at once, even in those
 cases where man himself continues to be the prime mover. The number of
 implements that he himself can use simultaneously, is limited by the number
 of his own natural instruments of production, by the number of his bodily
 organs. In Germany, they tried at first to make one spinner work two spinning-wheels,
 that is, to work simultaneously with both hands and both feet. This was
 too difficult. Later, a treddle spinning-wheel with two spindles was invented,
 but adepts in spinning, who could spin two threads at once, were almost
 as scarce as two-headed men. The Jenny, on the other hand, even at its
 very birth, spun with 12-18 spindles, and the stocking-loom knits with
 many thousand needles at once. The number of tools that a machine can bring
 into play simultaneously, is from the very first emancipated from the organic
 limits that hedge in the tools of a handicraftsman.